How to Build and Maintain a Good Wood Fire for Pottery Kilns

Home & Garden / Ngày 15/08/2025

1. Choosing the Right Wood

  • Well-seasoned, dry wood (moisture content below 15%) burns hotter and produces less smoke.

  • Hardwoods (acacia, eucalyptus, cashew, teak) burn longer and produce steady heat with minimal ash.

  • Softwoods (pine, poplar) ignite quickly with strong flames but lose heat faster.

  • Avoid rotten or damp wood with bark intact — it creates excessive smoke and can stain pottery.

2. Preparing the Kiln and Kindling

  • Clean out old ash from the firebox before firing.

  • Kindling: use dry paper or small wood sticks arranged in a teepee or log cabin style for good airflow.

  • Leave space for air to enter from below — oxygen is essential for a strong burn.

3. Firing Stages

Stage 1 – Gradual Heat-Up

  • Light a gentle fire for the first 2–4 hours to remove moisture from clay and glaze (rapid heating can cause cracks).

  • Use small wood pieces, add fuel steadily, keep temperature around 200–400°C.

Stage 2 – Strong Heat Rise

  • Once moisture is gone, increase wood size and feed every 2–5 minutes.

  • Aim to reach 900–1000°C before entering the soak stage.

Stage 3 – Soaking & Flame Control

  • Maintain 1200–1300°C (depending on clay and glaze type).

  • Adjust air intake: open fully for bright flames, close partially to encourage ash build-up.

  • Switch to ash-rich wood for natural ash glaze effects.

4. Signs of a “Good Fire”

  • Bright orange-gold flames with minimal black smoke.

  • Stable temperature without major fluctuations.

  • Even ash distribution, no heavy clumping in one area.

  • Consistent “hissing” or “roaring” burn sound without sputtering.